Introduction
In the digital era, Cyber Security has become essential for protecting information systems from misuse, damage and unauthorized access. It involves multiple layers of protection to safeguard data, networks and users. Understanding the seven layers of cyber security, along with concepts of vulnerability and threats, is crucial for civil service examinations.
Body
The seven layers of cyber security include:
- Human Layer – focuses on user awareness, training and safe digital behaviour.
- Perimeter Security – uses firewalls and gateways to prevent unauthorized entry.
- Network Security – protects internal networks through monitoring and intrusion detection.
- Endpoint Security – secures devices like computers and mobiles using antivirus software.
- Application Security – ensures software is protected from coding flaws and attacks.
- Data Security – safeguards data using encryption and access controls.
- Critical Asset Security – protects vital systems and sensitive information.
A Vulnerability refers to a weakness in a system that can be exploited. Its types include technical vulnerability, human vulnerability and organizational vulnerability. A Threat is any potential danger that exploits a vulnerability, such as malware or hacking. Harmful acts include phishing, data theft, ransomware attacks and denial-of-service attacks.
Conclusion
In conclusion, a layered cyber security approach ensures comprehensive protection against evolving cyber risks. Awareness of vulnerabilities, threats and harmful acts strengthens national cyber resilience and governance.