Introduction
The reign of Harshavardhana (7th century CE) marks an important phase in early medieval Indian history. His close association with the Chinese pilgrim Hiuen Tsang (Xuanzang) provides valuable insights into the political, social and religious conditions of the period.
Body
Hiuen Tsang visited India between 630–645 CE and spent several years in Harsha’s empire. Harshavardhana, a follower of Mahayana Buddhism in his later years, extended royal patronage to the pilgrim by providing protection, facilities for travel and scholarly support.
The emperor organized grand Buddhist assemblies at Kannauj and Prayaga, where Hiuen Tsang was given a place of honor. In his work Si-Yu-Ki, the pilgrim describes Harsha as a just, benevolent and efficient ruler, praising his administrative ability, religious tolerance and charitable disposition.
Harsha is also portrayed as one who promoted learning, supported monasteries and encouraged intellectual exchange between India and China.
Conclusion
Thus, the patronage of Hiuen Tsang by Harshavardhana and the pilgrim’s lavish admiration significantly enhance our understanding of Harsha as a powerful, cultured and humane emperor of ancient India.